Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of 3-[5-(aryl-[1,3,4]oxadiazole-2-yl]-piperidine derivatives as anticonvulsant and antidepressant agents

In the present study, we have synthesized a series of fifteen nipecotic acid 1,3,4-oxadiazole based hybrids with significant (60-78%) yields. All the compounds were characterized by using different spectroanalytical techniques such as FT-IR, H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, and elemental analysis. This design strategy was validated by using in vivo anti-epileptic and anti-depressant bioassay models. Anti-convulsant activity was evaluated using subcutaneous pentylenetetrazol (scPTZ) in mice and MES induced seizure. Among a spectrum of activities, three compounds (4i, 4m, and 4n) displayed significant activity against pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) induced seizures. No disruptions in motor co-ordination were observed in mice pretreated with the test compounds in the rotarod test. Their influence on the safety profile of elevated serum levels of biochemical markers such as hepatic and renal toxicity has been found to be safe. The derivatives also show marked anti-depressant activity, devoid of serotonergic augmentation as assessed using the despair swim test, 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP)-induced head twitch test and learned helplessness test. In silico docking studies targeted on homology modelled GABA transporter 1 (GAT1) protein shows the critical enzyme-ligand interactions leading to the inhibition of the GAT1 transporter. The compound 4m was found to be the most active compound among all the synthesized compounds. (C) 2020 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University.