Ion exchange equilibria and kinetics in zeolites: influences of framework flexibility and charge density

A few areas of research pioneered by Richard M. Barrer will be discussed in relation to Barrer's original publications, and the work of others influenced by his work. Particular aspects of ion exchange equilibria discussed include zeolite framework flexibility leading to limited mutual miscibility of end members of exchange reactions and the ramifications to ion exchange behaviour, and the effect of framework charge density on ion exchange. A brief discussion of the kinetics of exchange into materials with high charge density is given.