SOVIET SCIENCE BY THE END OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR TO THE COLD WAR IN THE MID-1940S-MID 1950s: THE CASE OF TOMSK RESEARCH AND EDUCATIONAL PARK

This article represents an attempt to reconstruct the history of the development of science in mid 1940s-mid 1950s on the basis of both published and unpublished sources focusing on the example of Tomsk scientific and educational complex. Processes concerned with demilitarization of science after the Great Patriotic War are discerned and analyzed, main fields of research and the most prominent results produces within them are characterized. Cold war that began in 1946 deeply influenced the transformation of research paradigms in confronting superpowers. Special attention is paid to the role of state, party organizations in the development of science, extension of research in the interest of Soviet military-industrial sector under the circumstances of the beginning of the Cold War. On the other hand, the article focuses on the significance of consolidation of scientific and educational community of Tomsk and development of large research projects in promising research fields and beyond that training of high-quality staff. The article is meant for all interested in Russian history, history and anthropology of science, and also in Soviet period of Russian history in general.