Quintessential strategy to operate photovoltaic system coupled with dual battery storage and grid connection

This study proposes a novel strategy to utilize photovoltaic (PV) system energy coupled with grid connection and dual battery storage system. First, the problem is formulated in mathematical form with a linear model approach; later, a cost function is defined to evaluate the tariff in different scenarios. The cost function is designed to minimize the burden on consumers' shoulders in a constrained environment. The battery storage systems are used intelligently to reduce imported and exported energy, hence the respective cost. The secondary battery system has been added and discharges during high tariff hours provided the state of charge of the primary battery system is at the minimum level. Various types of tariff incentives are considered for comprehensive analysis. Various cases are considered for the analysis: grid supply, PV-system alone, grid connection coupled with PV-system, and grid connection connected with PV-system and battery storage banks. The statistical analysis is performed in each case to have a detailed observation on resultant distributions of imported energy, exported power, and stored energy based on unmet and excess power. The results conclude that the proposed methodology reduces the imported and exported power requirement with a net profit of pound 46.