CoQ10 Promotes Resolution of Necrosis and Liver Regeneration After Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) which acts as an electron transporter in the mitochondrial respiratory chain has many beneficial effects on liver diseases. In our previous research, CoQ10 has been found to attenuate acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver injury (ALI). However, whether CoQ10 administration is still effective at the late stage of APAP overdose is still unknown. In this study, we aimed to test CoQ10 efficacy at the late stage of APAP overdose. C57BL/6J mice were intraperitoneally treated with APAP to induce liver injury. CoQ10 (5 mg/kg) was given to mice at 16 h after APAP treatment. The results showed that while CoQ10 treatment at 16 h post-APAP overdose had no effects on the expression of ROS generated genes or scavenged genes, it still significantly decreased necrosis of hepatocytes following APAP-induced ALI. Moreover, CoQ10 increased MerTK(+) macrophages accumulation in the APAP-overdose liver and inhibition of MerTK signaling partly abrogated the protective role of CoQ10 treatment on the hepatic necrosis. CoQ10 treatment also significantly enhanced hepatocytes proliferation as shown in the increased 5-bromodeoxyuridine incorporation in the APAP-intoxicated mice liver section. In addition, CoQ10 treatment increased hepatic Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) and Cyclin D1 expression and promoted activation of the beta-catenin signaling in APAP-overdose mice. To conclude, these data provide evidence that CoQ10 treatment is still effective at the late stage of APAP-induced ALI and promotes resolution of necrosis and liver regeneration following ALI.