Novel symptomatology and changing epidemiology of domoic acid toxicosis in California sea lions (Zalophus californianus):: an increasing risk to marine mammal health

被引：163

作者：

Goldstein, T. ^{[1
,2
]}

Mazet, J. A. K. ^{[1
]}

Zabka, T. S. ^{[1
,2
]}

Langlois, G. ^{[3
]}

Colegrove, K. M. ^{[4
]}

Silver, M. ^{[5
]}

Bargu, S. ^{[5
]}

Van Dolah, F. ^{[6
]}

Leighfield, T. ^{[6
]}

Conrad, P. A. ^{[3
]}

Barakos, J. ^{[7
]}

Williams, D. C. ^{[8
]}

Dennison, S. ^{[2
]}

Haulena, M. ^{[2
]}

Gulland, F. M. D. ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Calif Davis, Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA

[2] Marine Mammal Ctr, Sausalito, CA 94965 USA

[3] Calif State Dept Hlth, Richmond, CA 94804 USA

[4] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Davis, CA 95616 USA

[5] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ocean Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA

[6] Natl Ocean Serv, Charleston, SC 29412 USA

[7] Univ Calif San Francisco, Calif Pacific Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA

[8] Univ Calif Davis, Vet Med Teaching Hosp, Davis, CA 95616 USA

来源：

PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES | 2008年 / 275卷 / 1632期

关键词：

amnesic shellfish poisoning; California sea lions; domoic acid; hippocampal atrophy; seizures; harmful algal blooms;

D O I：

10.1098/rspb.2007.1221

中图分类号：

Q [生物科学];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Harmful algal blooms are increasing worldwide, including those of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. producing domoic acid off the California coast. This neurotoxin was first shown to cause mortality of marine mammals in 1998. A decade of monitoring California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) health since then has indicated that changes in the symptomatology and epidemiology of domoic acid toxicosis in this species are associated with the increase in toxigenic blooms. Two separate clinical syndromes now exist: acute domoic acid toxicosis as has been previously documented, and a second novel neurological syndrome characterized by epilepsy described here associated with chronic consequences of previous sub-lethal exposure to the toxin. This study indicates that domoic acid causes chronic damage to California sea lions and that these health effects are increasing.

引用

页码：267 / 276

页数：10

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