Simulation vs. field test results of a 216 MW fossil unit black-start

In December of 1997, ComEd performed a "black-start" test of one of its fossil plants (Crawford Unit 7, 216MW) and monitored the performance of the black-start combustion turbines and the motor lends. The results were compared to simulation results to determine the accuracy of the methods and models used in simulations. This paper will present an overview of the system restoration plan, the testing at Crawford station, and an analysis of the simulation vs. field test results. ComEd has historically maintained, on an annual basis, a system restoration plan and pursued a regular (monthly) test of its black-start peaking units to test starting capability and operator proficiency. Simulations have also been performed to verify the feasibility of sections of the restoration plan. However, not since the late 1970's has any field testing been performed to determine whether or not these black-start peaking units could start-up a larger fossil station. The North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC) Planning Standards and Guides on System Restoration require that a utility maintain a "coordinated system restoration plan" which involves restoring customer load and utility interconnections using black-start capable generators. The restoration plan is to be reviewed and updated annually and the performance of each black-start generating unit must be verified, either through simulation or field testing.