Body composition techniques

被引:253
作者
Kuriyan, Rebecca [1 ]
机构
[1] St Johns Natl Acad Hlth Sci, St Johns Res Inst, Div Nutr, Bengaluru 560034, Karnataka, India
关键词
Adiposity; anthropometry; body composition; DEXA; hydrodensitometry; hydrometry; models; muscle mass; AIR DISPLACEMENT PLETHYSMOGRAPHY; SOUTH INDIAN CHILDREN; X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; MASS INDEX CUTOFFS; FAT-FREE MASS; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; ASIAN INDIANS; 4-COMPARTMENT MODEL; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; CELLULAR-LEVEL;
D O I
10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1777_18
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
Body composition is known to be associated with several diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancers, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Body composition measurements are useful in assessing the effectiveness of nutritional interventions and monitoring the changes associated with growth and disease conditions. Changes in body composition occur when there is a mismatch between nutrient intake and requirement. Altered body composition is observed in conditions such as wasting and stunting when the nutritional intake may be inadequate. Overnutrition on the other hand leads to obesity. Many techniques are available for body composition assessment, which range from simple indirect measures to more sophisticated direct volumetric measurements. Some of the methods that are used today include anthropometry, tracer dilution, densitometry, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, air displacement plethysmography and bioelectrical impedance analysis. The methods vary in their precision and accuracy. Imaging techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography have become powerful tools due to their ability of visualizing and quantifying tissues, organs, or constituents such as muscle and adipose tissue. However, these methods are still considered to be research tools due to their cost and complexity of use. This review was aimed to describe the commonly used methods for body composition analysis and provide a brief introduction on the latest techniques available.
引用
收藏
页码:648 / 658
页数:11
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