Assembly of strongly phosphorescent hetero-bimetallic and -trimetallic [2]catenane structures based on a coinage metal alkynyl system

Homo-metallic metal alkynyl complexes exhibit interesting catenane structures, but their hetero-metallic catenane counterparts are under-developed. In this work, we report rare examples of bimetallic Au-Cu (DtbpC equivalent to C- ligand; Dtbp = 3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl), Au-Ag ((BuC)-Bu-t equivalent to C- ligand), and Au-Cu, Au-Ag (C6-FluoC equivalent to C- ligand; C6-Fluo = 9,9-dihexyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl) complexes as well as a trimetallic Au-Ag-Cu (C6-FluoC equivalent to C- ligand) complex, which feature [2] catenane structures. The formation of the [2] catenane structure is significantly affected by the coinage metal ion(s) and change of the structure of the alkynyl ligand. These hetero-metallic [2] catenane structures are strongly luminescent with tunable emission lambda(max) from 503 to 595 nm and Phi values up to 0.83.