Subchronic glucocorticoid pretreatment reversibly attenuates IL-1 beta induced fever in rats; IL-6 mRNA is elevated while IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta mRNAs are suppressed, in the CNS

Subchronic (36 h) exposure of rats to corticosterone (CS) (100 mg/pellet, subcutaneously), blocked the pyrogenic response to recombinant human interleukin 1 beta (rhIL-1 beta, 5 mu g/kg, ip.). CS treatment reduced the basal mRNA levels of IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta, but elevated the mRNA levels of IL-6 in the hypothalamus and hippocampus as shown by RT-PCR, The CS treatment clamped the cytokine mRNA levels, and injection of rhIL-1 beta to CS treated rats did not significantly affect these altered mRNA levels, IL-6 bioactivity in serum was not significantly changed by CS treatment, but increased 50 times upon injection of rhIL-1 beta. rhIL-1 beta caused a significantly lower induction of serum IL-6 levels in CS pretreated rats (9-fold). The pyrogenic response to injection of rhIL-1 beta has returned 5 days after the removal of the corticosterone pellet, and the hypothalamic cytokine mRNA levels (IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta and IL-6) have returned to basal. These results suggest that altered and clamped hypothalamic IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta and IL-6 mRNA levels may be involved in the antipyretic effects of a pretreatment with high doses of CS and that these CS effects are rapidly reversible. (C) 1996 Academic Press Limited