Estimating the carbon footprint of the municipal water cycle

被引：11

作者：

Bakhshi, Ali A. ^{[1
]}

Demonsabert, Sharon M. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] George Mason Univ, Fairfax Stn, Fairfax, VA 22039 USA

来源：

JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION | 2012年 / 104卷 / 05期

关键词：

Embodied energy; Emission intensity; Energy intensity; GHG emissions; GIS; Global warming potential; Municipal water cycle; Sustainable water resources planning;

D O I：

10.5942/jawwa.2012.104.0064

中图分类号：

TU [建筑科学];

学科分类号：

0813 ;

摘要：

This research investigated the embodied energy associated with municipal water use. The feasibility of using a geographic information system model as a framework for sustainability planning was evaluated using data from Loudoun County, Va. The model spatially displays the embodied energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with municipal water and wastewater service. The embodied energy associated with water service depends on topographic characteristics of the municipality, the efficiency of the water and wastewater treatment systems, and the efficiency of the pumping stations. GHG emissions varied with the embodied-energy and energy-generation characteristics of the power company. Within the study area, the embodied energy associated with customer water use ranged from 4.4 to 7.2 MW.h/mil gal. Customer carbon footprints ranged from 0.01 to 17.93 tons of carbon dioxide per year. The results of this study contribute to the development of a standardized approach for estimating the GHG effect of the municipal water cycle.

引用

页码：81 / 82

页数：2

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