The effect of education on anxiety and self-efficacy in mothers of 1-3-year-old children under cochlear implant surgery, 2018: a randomized controlled clinical trial

Introduction: Child's surgery makes parents' anxiety and concern. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate anxiety and self-efficacy of the mothers of the children undergoing cochlear implant surgery. Methods: This randomized trial was performed on 70 mothers of children who had undergone cochlear implant surgery in Khalili Hospital in Shiraz from December 2017 to March 2018. The samples were randomly assigned to intervention (35) and control (35) groups. Four training sessions were held for the intervention group. The data were gathered by Spielberger and Sherer's questionnaires and analyzed through SPSS version 21, using Chi-square test, Fisher's exact, Independent tau-test and repeated measurements (p <0.05). Results: Before the intervention, the mean score of hidden and apparent anxiety and self-efficacy in the intervention group were 46.48 +/- 7.93, 47.40 +/- 8.73 and 61.40 +/- 9.86.In the control group, it was 46.25 +/- 8.89, 46.77 +/- 9.63 and 59.42 +/- 10.42 and no differences were seen between two groups variables (p <0.05). Immediately after the intervention the results showed a significant decrease in variables (P <0.001). Two months later variables in the intervention group were 25.42 +/- 3.22, 26.80 +/- 3.70 and 82.14 +/- 2.41 (P <0.001). In the control group, they were 46.60 +/- 8.79, 47.25 +/- 9.87 and 58.68 +/- 9.95 (P<0.001). Moreover, a significant difference was shown between the two groups in the mean of apparent (F=277.40, P <0.001) and hidden anxiety (F=285.96, P <0.001) and also in the mean of self-efficacy of the mothers (F=170.17, P <0.001) during the three study periods. Conclusion: Educational interventions in the mothers of the children undergoing cochlear implant surgery were effective in reducing the amount of anxiety and increasing their self-efficacy.