Voltage bias influence on the converse magnetoelectric effect of PZT/terfenol-D/PZT laminates

The converse magnetoelectric effect (CME) of a 2-mm-thick Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O-3 (PZT)/Tb0.30Dy0.7Fe2 (Terfenol-D)/PZT laminate subjected to an applied dc voltage bias has been investigated. Experimental data demonstrate that the CME coefficient alpha(CME) (B/V-ac) is highly dependent on the applied voltage bias. In the present work, the voltage bias is shown to increase the magnitude of magnetostriction in the Terfenol-D, which results in an increase in the magnitude and range of piezomagnetic coefficient and alpha(CME) values. It is shown that alpha(CME) can range from a minimum of 0.4 G/V at a voltage bias of -200 V to a value of 1.65 G/V at a voltage bias of 700 V. This range represents a greater than 400% change in the alpha(CME) at a fixed magnetic field bias, the largest change in alpha(CME) due to voltage bias yet reported. The expanded range is primarily caused by giant shifts in the piezomagnetic coefficient and not by nonlinearities in the piezoelectric coefficient. (c) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3553885]