Comparison of computer-assisted navigated technology and conventional technology in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: a meta-analysis

Background Though unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is a useful procedure to treat knee osteoarthritis, it remains a great controversial point as to if navigated systems are able to achieve better accuracy of limb alignment and greater clinic results. Current meta-analysis was conducted to explore if better clinical outcomes and radiographic outcomes could be acquired in the navigated system when compared with conventional procedures. Methods We identified studies in the online databases, including Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science before May 2021. The PRISMA guidelines in this report were strictly followed. Our research was completed via Review Manager 5.4 software. Results Fourteen articles were included, involving 852 knees. The present meta-analysis displayed that the navigated system had remarkably improved outcomes in inliers of mechanical axis (MA) (P < 0.01), MA in the Kennedy's central zone (Zone C) (P = 0.04), inliers of the coronal femoral component (P < 0.01), inliers of the coronal tibial component (P = 0.005), inliers of the sagittal femoral component (P = 0.03), inliers of the sagittal tibial component (P = 0.002) and Range Of Motion (ROM) (P = 0.04). No significant differences were observed in Oxford Knee Score (OKS) (P = 0.15), American Knee Society Knee Score (KSS score) (P = 0.61) and postoperative complications (P = 0.73) between these 2 groups. Regarding operating time, the navigated group was 10.63 min longer in contrast to the traditional group. Conclusion Based on our research, the navigated system provided better radiographic outcomes and no significant difference in the risk of complications with longer surgical time than the conventional techniques. But no significant differences were found in functional outcomes. Because the included studies were small samples and short-term follow-up, high-quality RCTs with large patients and sufficient follow-up are required to identify the long-term effect of the navigated system.