Serum miRNA profile as a potential tool for non-invasive gastric cancer diagnosis in Mexican patients

Introduction: Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer death and a major public health-care problem world-wide. At present, methods for plasma detection of cancer are limited. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been proposed as genetic regulators, which are deregulated in different types of cancer. The miRNAs are stable in serum/plasma and can be detected. Circulating miRNAs in plasma have been proposed as potential diagnostic biomarkers in GC. Materials and methods: After reviewing the relevant literature, the expression levels of seven miRNAs (miR-16, miR-21, miR-25, miR-26a, miR-92, miR-218, miR-223, and miR-451) were assessed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction using TaqMan microRNA Assays (Applied Biosystems) in plasma samples from GC patients (n = 80) and healthy controls (n = 80). Results: Our results demonstrated that the expression levels of miR-21 and miR-25 were signifi-cantly upregulated in GC patients compared to healthy controls with a Fold Change of 11.551 and 60.129, respectively, while miR-223 showed downregulation in GC patients compared to healthy controls with a Fold Change of -247.281. The absolute value of Fold Change 2 was consider significant, p < 0.05. Conclusions: Our results indicated that miR-21, miR-25, and miR-223 in plasma samples can be served as a potential noninvasive tool in detection of GC.