Biochemical role of serum ferratin and d-dimer parameters in COVID 19 diagnosis

One and one only most unforgettable pandemic is coronavirus 2019 (COVID 19) which is the most memorable pandemic of the twenty-first century. The diagnosis of COVID19 is based on purely clinical symptoms and real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test. The role of COVID19 during this pandemic was horrible in diagnosing the disease with RT-PCR as this disease was documented to be a symptomatic disease. Serum ferratin and D-dimer tests plays a major role in identifying the infections in the human body specifically, patients diagnosed with COVID19. Serum ferritin levels are important for an immune response mediator that rises in severe COVID-19 instances, and elevated ferritin levels may trigger a cytokine storm by exerting direct immunosuppressive and pro-inflammatory effects. d-dimer is used to identify the clots in the blood. COVID-19 patients were found to be clotting of blood and d-dimer is recommended. The blood of the COVID-19 patients were found to clotted than the patients were prescribed the anticoagulant Injections are prescribed. d-dimer can be used as a biomarker in the COVID-19 patients by measuring the d-dimer levels and analyse the mortality and severity. Pulmonary complication risk can also be identified. d-dimer is a mandatory and an essential test in the COVID-19. Numerous COVID-19 vaccines have been shown to have great efficacy levels through clinical trials. COVID-19 vaccines are not 100% effective, although the condition is mild or moderate and can be controlled if COVID-19 is affected. In this review, I have only included serum ferritin and d-dimer; however, C-reactive protein, vitamin D levels, and prolactin were also attributed to COVID-19. This review concludes the importance of RT-PCR, serum ferratin, and d-dimer testing in identifying COVID19 infection in humans. (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).