Does trade openness mitigate the environmental degradation in South Africa?

被引:81
作者
Udeagha, Maxwell Chukwudi [1 ]
Ngepah, Nicholas [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Johannesburg, Coll Business & Econ, Sch Econ, Johannesburg, South Africa
关键词
Trade openness; CO2; emissions; Dynamic ARDL simulations; Energy consumption; EKC; Cointegration; Economic growth; Industrial value-added; South Africa; FOREIGN DIRECT-INVESTMENT; CARBON-DIOXIDE EMISSIONS; RENEWABLE ENERGY-CONSUMPTION; CO2; EMISSIONS; ECONOMIC-GROWTH; FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT; KUZNETS CURVE; TECHNOLOGICAL-INNOVATION; EMPIRICAL-RESEARCH; COAL CONSUMPTION;
D O I
10.1007/s11356-021-17193-z
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The debate over the role international trade plays in determining environmental outcomes has considerably generated more heat than light. Theoretical work has been successful in identifying a series of hypotheses linking openness to trade and environmental quality, but the empirical verification of these hypotheses has seriously lagged. This study revisits the dynamic relationship between trade openness and environmental quality in South Africa using time series data over the period 1960-2020. The recently developed novel dynamic autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) simulation framework has been used. The outcomes of the analysis indicate that (i) trade openness deteriorates environmental quality in the long run, although it is environmentally friendly in the short run; (ii) the scale effect increases CO2 emissions, whereas the technique effect contributes to lower it, thus validating the presence of an environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis; (iii) energy consumption, foreign direct investment, and industrial value-added contribute to environmental deterioration; (iv) technological innovation improves environmental quality; (v) the pollution haven hypothesis (PHH) exists; and (vi) InSE, InTE, InOPEN, InEC, InFDI, InTECH, and InIGDP Granger-cause InCO2 in the medium, long, and short run suggesting that these variables are important to influence CO2 emissions. In light of our empirical evidence, this paper suggests that the international teamwork to lessen carbon emissions is immensely critical to solve the growing trans-boundary environmental decay and other associated spillover consequences.
引用
收藏
页码:19352 / 19377
页数:26
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