The influence of neap-spring tidal variation and wave energy on sediment flux in salt marsh tidal creeks

被引:8
作者
Lacy, Jessica R. [1 ]
Ferner, Matthew C. [2 ]
Callaway, John C. [3 ]
机构
[1] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA
[2] San Francisco State Univ, San Francisco Bay Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Tiburon, CA 94920 USA
[3] Univ San Francisco, Dept Environm Sci, San Francisco, CA 94117 USA
关键词
sediment flux to marshes; neap-spring tidal variability; salt marsh tidal creeks; suspended-sediment flux; estuarine sediment transport; SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; CHANNEL; WETLAND; FLOW; CALIFORNIA; ACCRETION; SURFACE; WATER; MODEL;
D O I
10.1002/esp.4401
中图分类号
P9 [自然地理学];
学科分类号
0705 ; 070501 ;
摘要
Sediment flux in marsh tidal creeks is commonly used to gauge sediment supply to marshes. We conducted a field investigation of temporal variability in sediment flux in tidal creeks in the accreting tidal marsh at China Camp State Park adjacent to northern San Francisco Bay. Suspended-sediment concentration (SSC), velocity and depth were measured near the mouths of two tidal creeks during three 6- to 10-week deployments: two in winter and one in summer. Currents, wave properties and SSC were measured in the adjacent shallows. All deployments spanned the largest spring tides of the season. Results show that tidally averaged suspended-sediment flux (SSF) in the tidal creeks varied from slightly landward to strongly bayward with increasing tidal energy. SSF was negative (bayward) for tidal cycles with maximum water surface elevation above the marsh plain. Export during the largest spring tides dominated the cumulative SSF for each deployment. During ebb tides following the highest tides, velocities exceeded 1ms(-1) in the narrow tidal creeks, resulting in negative tidally averaged water flux, and mobilizing sediment from the creek banks or bed. Storm surge also produced negative SSF. Tidally averaged SSF was positive in wavy conditions with moderate tides. Spring tide sediment export at the creek mouth was about twice that at a station 130m further up the tidal creek. The negative tidally averaged water flux near the creek mouth during spring tides indicates that in the lower marsh some of the water flooding directly across the bay-marsh interface drains through the tidal creeks, and suggests that this interface may be a pathway for sediment supply to the lower marsh as well. Copyright (c) 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
引用
收藏
页码:2384 / 2396
页数:13
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