Genomic approaches towards finding cis-regulatory modules in animals

被引:159
作者
Hardison, Ross C. [1 ]
Taylor, James [2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Penn State Univ, Wartik Lab 304, Ctr Comparat Genom & Bioinformat, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA
[2] Emory Univ, Dept Biol, O Wayne Rollins Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
[3] Emory Univ, Dept Math & Comp Sci, O Wayne Rollins Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院; 美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR-BINDING; CONSERVED NONCODING SEQUENCES; LOCUS-CONTROL REGION; WIDE ANALYSIS; IN-VIVO; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS; EVOLUTIONARY CONSTRAINT; ENHANCER BLOCKING; GENE-EXPRESSION;
D O I
10.1038/nrg3242
中图分类号
Q3 [遗传学];
学科分类号
071007 ; 090102 ;
摘要
Differential gene expression is the fundamental mechanism underlying animal development and cell differentiation. However, it is a challenge to identify comprehensively and accurately the DNA sequences that are required to regulate gene expression: namely, cis-regulatory modules (CRMs). Three major features, either singly or in combination, are used to predict CRMs: clusters of transcription factor binding site motifs, non-coding DNA that is under evolutionary constraint and biochemical marks associated with CRMs, such as histone modifications and protein occupancy. The validation rates for predictions indicate that identifying diagnostic biochemical marks is the most reliable method, and understanding is enhanced by the analysis of motifs and conservation patterns within those predicted CRMs.
引用
收藏
页码:469 / 483
页数:15
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