Thermal and electrical wavelength tuning of Bragg reflection with ultraviolet light absorbers in polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystals

Autonomous stimulus-responsive polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystals (PSCLCs) are promising materials for various applications. In this work, a PSCLC cell whose wavelength of selective reflection changes autonomously according to the temperature or can be controlled by applying an electric field was fabricated by using ultraviolet (UV) light absorbers. The UV light absorbers in the PSCLC cell are used not only for preventing the degradation of the substrate but also for stabilizing the polymeric network by converting the harmful UV radiation into harmless heat. To achieve the optimum conditions, different types of UV light absorbers were examined at various concentrations and UV light intensities. The results revealed that the benzophenone-type UV absorbers provide an extensive blue-shift tuning of the Bragg reflection in the PSCLC. By determining the molar extinction coefficient (epsilon) values, which provide a measure of UV light absorption at a given wavelength, at three important wavelengthsthe maximum absorption wavelength ((max)) of the UV absorbers, (max) of the photoinitiator (345 nm), and the UV lamp wavelength (365 nm)the UV light intensity gradient throughout the cell was defined. Reduction of the epsilon value indicates a sharp drop in the UV light intensity within a PSCLC cell. This phenomenon leads to the diffusion of reactive mesogens towards the UV lamp side of the cell to achieve a tight pitch gradient and extensive blue-shift tuning of the selective reflection.