Effects of cisplatin and letrozole on surgically induced endometriosis and comparison of the two medications in a rat model

This study was to investigate the effects of cisplatin (CDDP) and letrozole on surgically induced endometriosis and comparison of the two drugs in a rat model. Endometriosis was surgically induced by autologous transplantation of endometrial pieces. Thirty model rats were divided into three groups, randomly. Group 1 (n = 10) served as control and received no medication. Group 2 (n = 10) received 0.2 mg/kg/day of oral letrozole. Group 3 (n = 10) received 35 mg/m(2) CDDP via peritoneal perfusion every four days. All the rats were treated for 24 days. The growth and histologic score of the implants were evaluated. The proliferation- and angiogenesis-associated proteins were assessed using immunohistochemistry and western blotting. The serum sex hormones were assayed using ELISA. After the medication, the growth and histologic score of the implants were significantly lower in the 2 and 3 groups than in the control group. The protein expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), aromatase P450 (P450arom), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, were significantly lower in groups 2 and 3 than in the control group. Further, the P450arom level was lower in the letrozole group than in the CDDP group. The TGF-beta and MMP-2 levels were lower in the CDDP group than in the letrozole group. Serum T level was significantly higher in the letrozole group, and serum E-2 level was lower in the letrozole group. In conclusion, cisplatin and letrozole caused similar regression of the implants in the endometriosis model rats. But their effects on the proliferation- and angiogenesis-associated protein expressions and the serum sex hormone levels were different. Cisplatin and letrozole might cause the effects in the endometriotic foci through different mechanism. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V.All rights reserved.