Background and Aim Virtual reality (VR) is an established and effective tool in reducing autonomic and somatic pain. We aimed to examine the analgesic effects of VR distraction during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Methods We conducted a randomized controlled trial and enrolled patients who had indication for unsedated EGD with topical anesthesia. Patients were randomly assigned to use Oculus GO with three-dimensional specific software content (standalone VR headset), sham VR or without VR during EGD. The primary outcome was patient pain scores during EGD. Results A total of 96 patients undergoing diagnostic EGD were randomized to receive VR (n = 32), sham VR (n = 32), and no VR defined as the control group (n = 32). Patients in all groups reported no statistically different pain during esophageal intubation. The mean pain score was 2.7 +/- 2.4 in the VR group, 2.7 +/- 2.5 in the sham VR and 2.3 +/- 2.3 in the control group, (P value = 0.751). No significant difference was observed in heart rate and blood pressure, and the endoscopists reported higher overall satisfaction scores in VR (4.3 +/- 0.5) compared with the control group (4 +/- 0.8) but without significance (P value = 0.156). Conclusion Virtual reality-assisted anesthesia during EGD did not significantly reduce patient pain during esophageal intubation. There was no superiority in using VR distraction regarding patient's and endoscopist's satisfaction compared with standard EGD without VR Further studies are required to detect any true clinical advantage of VR distraction during EGD.
机构:
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Anesthesiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Crit Care Med, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USAChildrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Anesthesiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
Li, Angela
Montano, Zorash
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机构:
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Anesthesiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Crit Care Med, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USAChildrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Anesthesiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
Montano, Zorash
Chen, Vincent J.
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机构:
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Anesthesiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Crit Care Med, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USAChildrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Anesthesiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
Chen, Vincent J.
Gold, Jeffrey I.
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机构:
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Anesthesiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Crit Care Med, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USAChildrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Anesthesiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
机构:
Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South Korea
Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Coll Med, Seoul 03080, South KoreaSeoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South Korea
Moon, Jee Youn
Shin, Jungho
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Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South KoreaSeoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South Korea
Shin, Jungho
Chung, Jaeyeon
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Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South KoreaSeoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South Korea
Chung, Jaeyeon
Ji, Sang-Hwan
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Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South KoreaSeoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South Korea
Ji, Sang-Hwan
Ro, Soohan
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Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South KoreaSeoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South Korea
Ro, Soohan
Kim, Won Ho
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h-index: 0
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Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South Korea
Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Coll Med, Seoul 03080, South KoreaSeoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South Korea
机构:
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Anesthesiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Crit Care Med, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USAChildrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Anesthesiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
Li, Angela
Montano, Zorash
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Anesthesiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Crit Care Med, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USAChildrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Anesthesiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
Montano, Zorash
Chen, Vincent J.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Anesthesiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Crit Care Med, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USAChildrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Anesthesiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
Chen, Vincent J.
Gold, Jeffrey I.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Anesthesiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Crit Care Med, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USAChildrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Anesthesiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
机构:
Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South Korea
Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Coll Med, Seoul 03080, South KoreaSeoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South Korea
Moon, Jee Youn
Shin, Jungho
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South KoreaSeoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South Korea
Shin, Jungho
Chung, Jaeyeon
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South KoreaSeoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South Korea
Chung, Jaeyeon
Ji, Sang-Hwan
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South KoreaSeoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South Korea
Ji, Sang-Hwan
Ro, Soohan
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South KoreaSeoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South Korea
Ro, Soohan
Kim, Won Ho
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South Korea
Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Coll Med, Seoul 03080, South KoreaSeoul Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med, Seoul 03080, South Korea