The first increase in live kidney donation in the United States in 15 years

The first sustained increase in live kidney donation in the United States in 15 years was observed from 2017 to 2019. To help sustain this surge, we studied 35 900 donors (70.3% white, 14.5% Hispanic, 9.3% black, 4.4% Asian) to understand the increase in 2017-2019 vs 2014-2016 using Poisson regression. Among biologically related donors aged <35, 35-49, and >= 50 years, the number of donors did not change across race/ethnicity but increased by 38% and 29% for Hispanic and black >= 50. Among unrelated donors <35, 35-49, and >= 50, white donors increased by 18%, 14%, and 27%; Hispanic donors <35 did not change but increased by 22% and 35% for 35-49 and >= 50; black donors <35 declined by 23% and did not change for 35-49 and >= 50; Asian donors did not change. Among kidney paired donors <35, 35-49, and >= 50, white donors increased by 42%, 50%, and 68%; Hispanic donors <35 and 35-49 increased by 36% and 55% and did not change for >= 50; black donors did not change; Asian donors <35 did not change but increased by 107% and 82% for 35-49 and >= 50. The increase in donation was driven predominantly by unrelated and paired white donors. Donation among unrelated black individuals should be promoted.