Molecular cytogenetic characterization and phenotypic evaluation of new wheat-rye lines derived from hexaploid triticale "Certa'xcommon wheat hybrids

Hexaploid triticale contains valuable genes from both tetraploid wheat and rye and plays an important role in wheat breeding programmes. In order to explore the potential of hexaploid triticale Certa' in wheat improvement, two crosses were made using Certa' as female parent, and common wheat cultivars Jinmai47' (JM47) and Xinong389' (XN389) as male parents. The karyotyping of BCF4:5 lines from Certa/JM47//JM47 and F-5:6 lines from Certa/XN389 was investigated using sequential fluorescence insitu hybridization (FISH). One 1B(1R) substitution line and five 1BL.1RS whole-arm translocation lines were identified, one of which was found lacking -secalin locus. Many structural alterations on wheat chromosomes were detected in the progeny. Great morphologic differences resulting from genetic variations were observed, among which the photosynthetic capability was increased while grain quality was slightly improved. Compared with both parents, the stripe rust resistance at adult stage was increased in lines derived from Certa/JM47//JM47, while it was decreased in lines derived from Certa/XN389. These newly developed lines might have the potential to be utilized in wheat improvement programmes.