Physical conditions of the interstellar medium of high-redshift, strongly lensed submillimetre galaxies from the Herschel-ATLAS

被引：73

作者：

Valtchanov, I. ^{[1
]}

Virdee, J. ^{[2
,3
]}

Ivison, R. J. ^{[4
,5
]}

Swinyard, B. ^{[2
,6
]}

van der Werf, P. ^{[5
,7
]}

Rigopoulou, D. ^{[2
,3
]}

da Cunha, E. ^{[8
,9
]}

Lupu, R. ^{[10
]}

Benford, D. J. ^{[11
]}

Riechers, D. ^{[12
]}

Smail, Ian ^{[13
]}

Jarvis, M. ^{[14
]}

Pearson, C. ^{[2
]}

Gomez, H. ^{[15
]}

Hopwood, R. ^{[16
]}

Altieri, B. ^{[1
]}

Birkinshaw, M. ^{[17
]}

Coia, D. ^{[1
]}

Conversi, L. ^{[1
]}

Cooray, A. ^{[18
]}

De Zotti, G. ^{[19
,20
]}

Dunne, L. ^{[21
]}

Frayer, D. ^{[22
]}

Leeuw, L. ^{[23
,24
]}

Marston, A. ^{[1
]}

Negrello, M. ^{[25
]}

Portal, M. Sanchez ^{[1
]}

Scott, D. ^{[26
]}

Thompson, M. A. ^{[21
]}

Vaccari, M. ^{[27
]}

Baes, M. ^{[28
]}

Clements, D. ^{[16
]}

Michalowski, M. J. ^{[5
]}

Dannerbauer, H. ^{[29
]}

Serjeant, S. ^{[25
]}

Auld, R. ^{[15
]}

Buttiglione, S. ^{[27
]}

Cava, A. ^{[30
]}

Dariush, A. ^{[15
,31
]}

Dye, S. ^{[15
]}

Eales, S. ^{[15
]}

Fritz, J. ^{[28
]}

Ibar, E. ^{[4
]}

Maddox, S. ^{[21
]}

Pascale, E. ^{[15
]}

Pohlen, M. ^{[15
]}

Rigby, E. ^{[21
]}

Rodighiero, G. ^{[27
]}

Smith, D. J. B. ^{[21
]}

Temi, P. ^{[32
]}

机构：

[1] ESA, European Space Astron Ctr, Herschel Sci Ctr, Villanueva De La Canada 28691, Spain

[2] STFC Rutherford Appleton Lab, RAL Space, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England

[3] Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England

[4] Royal Observ, UK Astron Technol Ctr, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland

[5] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, SUPA, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland

[6] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England

[7] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands

[8] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion 71003, Greece

[9] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany

[10] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA

[11] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Observat Cosmol Lab Code 665, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA

[12] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA

[13] Univ Durham, Inst Computat Cosmol, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England

[14] Univ Hertfordshire, Sci & Technol Res Ctr, Ctr Astrophys Res, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England

[15] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales

[16] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Astrophys Grp, London SW7 2AZ, England

[17] Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England

[18] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA

[19] Osserv Astron Padova, INAF, I-35122 Padua, Italy

[20] Scuola Int Super Studi Avanzati, I-34136 Trieste, Italy

[21] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England

[22] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Green Bank, WV 24944 USA

[23] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, ZA-2006 Auckland Pk, South Africa

[24] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA

[25] Open Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England

[26] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada

[27] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Astron, I-35122 Padua, Italy

[28] Univ Ghent, Sterrenkundig Observ, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium

[29] CEA Saclay, DAPNIA Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France

[30] Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac CC Fis, Dept Astrofis, E-28040 Madrid, Spain

[31] Inst Res Fundamental Sci IPM, Sch Astron, Tehran, Iran

[32] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Astrophys Branch, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA

[33] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA

[34] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

来源：

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY | 2011年 / 415卷 / 04期

关键词：

galaxies: evolution; galaxies: individual: SDP.81: H-ATLAS J090311.6+003906; galaxies: individual: SDP.130: H-ATLAS J091305.0-005343; infrared: galaxies; radio continuum: galaxies; submillimetre: ISM; FAR-INFRARED/RADIO CORRELATION; C-II LINE; STAR-FORMATION; MU-M; PHOTODISSOCIATION REGIONS; MOLECULAR GAS; 1ST DETECTION; EMISSION; SPECTROSCOPY; BRIGHT;

D O I：

10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18959.x

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

We present Herschel-Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE) Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) and radio follow-up observations of two Herschel-Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS)-detected strongly lensed distant galaxies. In one of the targeted galaxies H-ATLAS J090311.6+003906 (SDP. 81), we detect [O III] 88 mu m and [C II] 158 mu m lines at a signal-to-noise ratio of similar to 5. We do not have any positive line identification in the other fainter target H-ATLAS J091305.0-005343 (SDP. 130). Currently, SDP. 81 is the faintest submillimetre galaxy with positive line detections with the FTS, with continuum flux just below 200 mJy in the 200-600 mu m wavelength range. The derived redshift of SDP. 81 from the two detections is z = 3.043 +/- 0.012, in agreement with ground-based CO measurements. This is the first detection by Herschel of the [O III] 88 mu m line in a galaxy at redshift higher than 0.05. Comparing the observed lines and line ratios with a grid of photodissociation region (PDR) models with different physical conditions, we derive the PDR cloud density n approximate to 2000 cm(-3) and the far-ultraviolet ionizing radiation field G(0) approximate to 200 (in units of the Habing field - the local Galactic interstellar radiation field of 1.6 x 10(-6) W m(-2)). Using the CO-derived molecular mass and the PDR properties, we estimate the effective radius of the emitting region to be 500-700 pc. These characteristics are typical for star-forming, high-redshift galaxies. The radio observations indicate that SDP. 81 deviates significantly from the local far-infrared/radio (FIR/radio) correlation, which hints that some fraction of the radio emission is coming from an active galactic nucleus (AGN). The constraints on the source size from millimetre-wave observations put a very conservative upper limit of the possible AGN contribution to less than 33 per cent. These indications, together with the high [OIII]/FIR ratio and the upper limit of [O I] 63 mu m/[C II] 158 mu m, suggest that some fraction of the ionizing radiation is likely to originate from the AGN.

引用

页码：3473 / 3484

页数：12

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