Assessing Medical Students' Knowledge of Genetics: Basis for Improving Genetics Curriculum for Future Clinical Practice

Purpose: The knowledge of genetics among medical students was assessed to identify and analyze gaps that serve as bases for the revision of the current genetics curriculum of the (Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery) MBBS Program of the College of Medicine at Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU). Methods: A 65-item multiple-choice (MCQs) test in Genetics was administered to 71 second and fourth-year medical students to assess their knowledge in Genetics. MCQs were validated and tested for their reliability. Self-assessment of students' genetics knowledge was also determined by asking them whether their knowledge in genetics is sufficient or not sufficient for their future clinical practice. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Results: Forty-one second-year and thirty fourth-year medical students took the Genetic test. Exam results showed insufficient knowledge of Genetics, with 43.85% among the students answering the exam correctly. In self-assessment, the majority (83.3% to 87.8%) of the respondents considered their knowledge of genetics insufficient for future clinical practice. A higher knowledge level of basic genetics compared with clinically related genetics concepts was observed. Generally, second-year students significantly scored higher in molecular and cytogenetics (P=0.012), principles of genetic transmission (P=0.022), and inheritance of genetic diseases (P=0.024), compared with the fourth-year medical students who only scored higher in items related to cancer genetics (P=0.022). Conclusion: Medical students' genetics knowledge is insufficient, especially on clinically oriented concepts like genetic testing and genetic counseling and should be strengthened for future clinical practice. The fourth-year medical students do not retain the knowledge of genetics; thus, integrating medical genetics in clinical years is imperative.