Short trips: An opportunity for reducing mobile-source emissions?

被引：72

作者：

de Nazelle, Audrey ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Morton, Brian J. ^{[4
]}

Jerrett, Michael ^{[5
]}

Crawford-Brown, Douglas ^{[6
]}

机构：

[1] Ctr Res Environm Epidemiol, Barcelona, Spain

[2] Municipal Inst Med Res, Barcelona, Spain

[3] CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ, Barcelona, Spain

[4] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Urban & Reg Studies, Chapel Hill, NC USA

[5] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[6] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge Ctr Climate Change Mitigat Res, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England

来源：

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT | 2010年 / 15卷 / 08期

关键词：

Walking; Cycling; Transportation mode choice; Vehicle emissions; Air pollution;

D O I：

10.1016/j.trd.2010.04.012

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

This paper examines how conversion of automobile trips of less than 3 miles to other transportation modes reduces emissions. Short trips contribute disproportionately to emissions because of cold starts. An analysis is conducted of short-trip behavior across the US using the 1995 Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey. The data is used to develop likely scenarios of mode conversions for short trips, which are then applied to estimate emission savings using MOBILE6 cold start and running emission factors for volatile organic compounds, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. The results suggest that reducing short auto trips would modestly reduce mobile source air pollution, but emission reductions are high compared to most federally-funded surface transportation interventions aimed at improving air quality. Enhanced the community pedestrian environment to encourage short trip mode conversion also produces co-benefits such as increased physical activity and subsequent reductions in chronic diseases. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：451 / 457

页数：7

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