Overview of the PALM model system 6.0

被引：241

作者：

Maronga, Bjoern ^{[1
,2
]}

Banzhaf, Sabine ^{[3
]}

Burmeister, Cornelia ^{[4
]}

Esch, Thomas ^{[5
]}

Forkel, Renate ^{[6
]}

Froehlich, Dominik ^{[7
]}

Fuka, Vladimir ^{[8
]}

Gehrke, Katrin Frieda ^{[1
]}

Geletic, Jan ^{[9
]}

Giersch, Sebastian ^{[1
]}

Gronemeier, Tobias ^{[1
]}

Gross, Guenter ^{[1
]}

Heldens, Wieke ^{[5
]}

Hellsten, Antti ^{[10
]}

Hoffmann, Fabian ^{[1
,19
,20
]}

Inagaki, Atsushi ^{[11
]}

Kadasch, Eckhard ^{[12
]}

Kanani-Suehring, Farah ^{[1
]}

Ketelsen, Klaus

Khan, Basit Ali ^{[6
]}

Knigge, Christoph ^{[1
,12
]}

Knoop, Helge ^{[1
]}

Krc, Pavel ^{[9
]}

Kurppa, Mona ^{[13
]}

Maamari, Halim ^{[14
]}

Matzarakis, Andreas ^{[7
]}

Mauder, Matthias ^{[6
]}

Pallasch, Matthias ^{[14
]}

Pavlik, Dirk ^{[4
]}

Pfafferott, Jens ^{[15
]}

Resler, Jaroslav ^{[9
]}

Rissmann, Sascha ^{[16
]}

Russo, Emmanuele ^{[3
,21
,22
]}

Salim, Mohamed ^{[16
,17
]}

Schrempf, Michael ^{[1
]}

Schwenkel, Johannes ^{[1
]}

Seckmeyer, Gunther ^{[1
]}

Schubert, Sebastian ^{[16
]}

Suehring, Matthias ^{[1
]}

von Tils, Robert ^{[1
,4
]}

Vollmer, Lukas ^{[18
,23
]}

Ward, Simon ^{[1
]}

Witha, Bjoern ^{[18
,24
]}

Wurps, Hauke ^{[18
]}

Zeidler, Julian ^{[5
]}

Raasch, Siegfried ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Meteorol & Climatol, Hannover, Germany

[2] Univ Bergen, Geophys Inst, Bergen, Norway

[3] Free Univ Berlin, Inst Meteorol, Berlin, Germany

[4] GEO NET Environm Serv GmbH, Hannover, Germany

[5] German Aerosp Ctr, German Remote Sensing Data Ctr DFD, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany

[6] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, IMK IFU, Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany

[7] Res Ctr Human Biometeorol, Deutsch Wetterdienst, Freiburg, Germany

[8] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Dept Atmospher Phys, Prague, Czech Republic

[9] Czech Acad Sci, Inst Comp Sci, Prague, Czech Republic

[10] Finnish Meteorol Inst, Helsinki, Finland

[11] Tokyo Inst Technol, Sch Environm & Soc, Tokyo, Japan

[12] Deutsch Wetterdienst, Offenbach, Germany

[13] Univ Helsinki, Fac Sci, Inst Atmospher & Earth Syst Res Phys, Helsinki, Finland

[14] Ingenieurgesell Prof Dr Sicker MbH, Hoppegarten, Germany

[15] Hsch Offenburg, Offenburg, Germany

[16] Humboldt Univ, Geog Dept, Berlin, Germany

[17] Aswan Univ, Fac Energy Engn, Aswan, Egypt

[18] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Wind Res Ctr Wind Energy, Oldenburg, Germany

[19] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[20] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Chem Sci Div, Boulder, CO USA

[21] Univ Bern, Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res, Bern, Switzerland

[22] Univ Bern, Phys Inst, Climate & Environm Phys, Bern, Switzerland

[23] Fraunhofer Inst Wind Energy Syst, Oldenburg, Germany

[24] Energy & Meteo Syst GmbH, Oldenburg, Germany

来源：

GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT | 2020年 / 13卷 / 03期

关键词：

LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; CLOUD MICROPHYSICS PARAMETERIZATION; OBUKHOV SIMILARITY FUNCTIONS; SECTIONAL AEROSOL MODULE; BOUNDARY-LAYER; SURFACE-LAYER; INCOMPRESSIBLE-FLOW; INFLOW CONDITIONS; TURBULENT FLOWS; ENERGY-BALANCE;

D O I：

10.5194/gmd-13-1335-2020

中图分类号：

P [天文学、地球科学];

学科分类号：

07 ;

摘要：

In this paper, we describe the PALM model system 6.0. PALM (formerly an abbreviation for Parallelized Large-eddy Simulation Model and now an independent name) is a Fortran-based code and has been applied for studying a variety of atmospheric and oceanic boundary layers for about 20 years. The model is optimized for use on massively parallel computer architectures. This is a follow-up paper to the PALM 4.0 model description in Maronga et al. (2015). During the last years, PALM has been significantly improved and now offers a variety of new components. In particular, much effort was made to enhance the model with components needed for applications in urban environments, like fully interactive land surface and radiation schemes, chemistry, and an indoor model. This paper serves as an overview paper of the PALM 6.0 model system and we describe its current model core. The individual components for urban applications, case studies, validation runs, and issues with suitable input data are presented and discussed in a series of companion papers in this special issue.

引用

页码：1335 / 1372

页数：38

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