A two-stage approach to estimate CFO and channel with one-bit ADCs

In this paper, a two-stage approach is proposed to estimate the carrier frequency offset (CFO) and channel with one-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). Firstly, a simple metric which is only a function of the CFO is proposed, and the CFO is estimated via solving the one-dimensional optimization problem. Secondly, the generalized approximate message passing (GAMP) algorithm combined with expectation maximization (EM) method is utilized to estimate the channel. In order to provide a benchmark of our proposed algorithm in terms of the CFO estimation, the corresponding Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) is derived. Furthermore, substantial numerical results are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach when applied to mmWave channel. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.