Prospective observational study on the clinical behaviour of dental implants in patients with haemophilia. Preliminary results

Haemophilia is a recessive congenital hereditary haemorrhagic disorder characterised by the decrease in, or absence of, the functional activity of factor VIII (Haemophilia A) or factor IX (Haemophilia B). The haematological medical treatment for these patients is systemic replacement therapy with factor VIII or factor IX concentrates. Dental implants are considered the gold standard for the replacement of missing teeth. There is no evidence or safe protocol for their use in patients with haemophilia. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical osseointegration and the incidence of postoperative bleeding in patients with haemophilia. The patients included in this study were over 18 years old with a diagnosis of haemophilia. A surgical implant protocol was implemented, supported by systemic and local haemostatic measures. Age, type of haemophilia, pre- and post-factor levels, gingival index, surgical duration, oedema, and pain were recorded for each case. In the event of haemorrhage, the bleeding index was determined. At four months, the success of the implant was evaluated using the absence of pain, suppuration, and clinical mobility as parameters. Fifteen surgeries were performed and 21 implants were placed in 10 patients. All the implants were successful in terms of the evaluated parameters. Among the 15 surgeries performed, bleeding was detected in three. The preliminary results found in this study seem to establish that the proposed surgical implant and haemostatic protocol is a predictable treatment for the placement of dental implants in patients with haemophilia. (c) 2021 The British Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.