A Comparative Analysis of Centralised vs. Distributed Battery Energy Storage System in Providing Frequency Regulation

The integration of Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) to participate in power system frequency regulation provided a good solution to the challenges of the increased adoption of inverter-based generation resources in power systems. However, the BESS integration structure is one of the important aspects that can greatly affect the frequency regulation provided by the BESS which have not been reported in the literature. Therefore, this research compares the participation of the BESS in frequency regulation using two different BESS integration structures, distributed and centralised, where the same BESS capability and capacity have been used. Both under and over-frequency events have been investigated in this comparison. The simulation has been carried out using DIgSILENT PowerFactory software where the modified model of the 14-generator South-Eastern Australian transmission power system has been used as a test model. The obtained results showed that the distributed approach of the BESS provided better frequency regulation performance compared to the centralised one.