Evolutions of Artificial Intelligence: What issues for human activities and Human-Machine relationships at work ?

Over recent years we have seen an unprecedented revival of interest in Artificial Intelligence (AI) due to major technological advances, particularly in the field of machine learning, which extend the capabilities of computers and increase their performance in a large number of domains (language processing, speech understanding, image recognition, robotics, etc.). These advances have opened up vast opportunities in terms of technological innovation and automation in work situations. This article focuses on the questions and issues raised by these developments concerning human activity at work. The main conclusions of this article are, first of all, that the majority of the issues raised are not new. These include issues concerning the consequences of automation on work, and how to approach the division of tasks and the relationship between AI and Human. Secondly, some of the questions that are not new are becoming more challenging, such as the explainability of AI systems. Finally, new questions are emerging, such as those relating more particularly to work with "intelligent" machines that exhibit anthropomorphic features.