Sensitive limits on the abundance of cold water vapor in the DM Tauri protoplanetary disk

被引：78

作者：

Bergin, E. A. ^{[1
]}

Hogerheijde, M. R. ^{[2
]}

Brinch, C. ^{[2
]}

Fogel, J. ^{[1
]}

Yildiz, U. A. ^{[2
]}

Kristensen, L. E. ^{[2
]}

van Dishoeck, E. F. ^{[2
,3
]}

Bell, T. A. ^{[8
]}

Blake, G. A. ^{[4
]}

Cernicharo, J. ^{[5
]}

Dominik, C. ^{[6
,7
]}

Lis, D. ^{[8
]}

Melnick, G. ^{[9
]}

Neufeld, D. ^{[10
]}

Panic, O. ^{[11
]}

Pearson, J. C. ^{[12
]}

Bachiller, R. ^{[13
]}

Baudry, A. ^{[14
]}

Benedettini, M. ^{[15
]}

Benz, A. O. ^{[16
]}

Bjerkeli, P. ^{[17
]}

Bontemps, S. ^{[18
,19
]}

Braine, J. ^{[20
]}

Bruderer, S. ^{[16
]}

Caselli, P. ^{[15
,20
]}

Codella, C. ^{[15
]}

Daniel, F. ^{[5
]}

di Giorgio, A. M. ^{[14
]}

Doty, S. D. ^{[21
]}

Encrenaz, P. ^{[22
]}

Fich, M. ^{[23
]}

Fuente, A. ^{[24
]}

Giannini, T. ^{[25
]}

Goicoechea, J. R. ^{[5
]}

de Graauw, Th ^{[26
]}

Helmich, F. ^{[26
]}

Herczeg, G. J. ^{[3
]}

Herpin, F. ^{[14
]}

Jacq, T. ^{[15
]}

Johnstone, D. ^{[27
,28
]}

Jorgensen, J. K. ^{[29
]}

Larsson, B. ^{[30
]}

Liseau, R. ^{[17
]}

Marseille, M. ^{[26
]}

Mc Coey, C. ^{[23
,31
]}

Nisini, B. ^{[14
]}

Olberg, M. ^{[17
]}

Parise, B. ^{[32
]}

Plume, R. ^{[33
]}

Risacher, C. ^{[26
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

[2] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands

[3] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany

[4] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA

[5] CSIC INTA, Ctr Astrobiol, Dept Astrofis, Madrid 28850, Spain

[6] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands

[7] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys IMAPP, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands

[8] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA

[9] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

[10] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA

[11] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany

[12] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA

[13] Observ Astron Nacl IGN, Madrid 28014, Spain

[14] INAF Ist Fis Spazio Interplanetario, Area Ric Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[15] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, I-50125 Florence, Italy

[16] ETH, Inst Astron, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland

[17] Chalmers, Onsala Space Observ, Dept Radio & Space Sci, S-43992 Onsala, Sweden

[18] Univ Bordeaux, Lab Astrophys Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France

[19] CNRS INSU, UMR 5804, Floirac, France

[20] Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England

[21] Denison Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Granville, OH 43023 USA

[22] Observ Paris, LERMA, F-75014 Paris, France

[23] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada

[24] Observ Astron Nacl, Alcala De Henares 28803, Spain

[25] INAF Osservatorio Astronom Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy

[26] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands

[27] Natl Res Council Canada, Herzberg Inst Astrophys, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada

[28] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8P 1A1, Canada

[29] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr Star & Planet Format, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark

[30] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[31] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Phys & Astron, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada

[32] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany

[33] Univ Calgary, Dept Phys & Astron, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada

[34] Inst Radio Astron Millimetr, Granada 18012, Spain

[35] Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands

[36] Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany

[37] Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, KOSMA, D-50937 Cologne, Germany

[38] Nicholas Copernicus Astron Ctr, PL-87100 Torun, Poland

来源：

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS | 2010年 / 521卷

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

ISM: abundances; ISM: molecules; protoplanetary disks; PLANET-FORMING REGION; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; H2O; STARS; DUST; MOLECULES; SPECTRA; GAS; DESORPTION; EVOLUTION;

D O I：

10.1051/0004-6361/201015104

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

We performed a sensitive search for the ground-state emission lines of ortho-and para-water vapor in the DM Tau protoplanetary disk using the Herschel/HIFI instrument. No strong lines are detected down to 3 sigma levels in 0.5 km s(-1) channels of 4.2 mK for the 1(10)-1(01) line and 12.6 mK for the 1(11)-0(00) line. We report a very tentative detection, however, of the 1(10)-1(01) line in the wide band spectrometer, with a strength of T-mb = 2.7 mK, a width of 5.6 km s(-1) and an integrated intensity of 16.0 mK km s(-1). The latter constitutes a 6 sigma detection. Regardless of the reality of this tentative detection, model calculations indicate that our sensitive limits on the line strengths preclude efficient desorption of water in the UV illuminated regions of the disk. We hypothesize that more than 95-99% of the water ice is locked up in coagulated grains that have settled to the midplane.

引用

页数：5

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