Isosorbide Dinitrate Inhibits Mechanical Stress-induced Cardiac Hypertrophy and Autophagy Through Downregulation of Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor

Mechanical stress can induce cardiac hypertrophy and autophagy. Recently, it has been reported that nitric oxide donors inhibited autophagy in human chondrocytes. Therefore, the effect of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) on cardiac hypertrophy and autophagy induced by mechanical stress was investigated in this study. A 48-hour mechanical stretch and a 4-week transverse aortic constriction were performed to induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in vitro and in vivo, respectively, before the assessment of myocardial autophagy using LC3b-II. ISDN was found to significantly reduce mechanical stretch-induced LC3b-II upregulation. Furthermore, mechanical stress was shown to upregulate angiotensin II (AngII) type 1 (AT(1)) receptor expression in both cultured cardiomyocytes and in mouse hearts, whereas ISDN was demonstrated to significantly suppress the upregulation of the AT(1) receptor. It was concluded that ISDN could inhibit mechanical stress-induced cardiac hypertrophy and autophagy through the downregulation of AT(1) receptor expression.