Prevalence of Escherichia Coli in Urinary Tract Infection of Children Aged 1-15 Years in a Medical College of Eastern Nepal

Introduction: Urinary tract infection is one of the commonest causes of childhood morbidity. Early diagnosis and appropriate choice of antimicrobials is essential. Hence, this study aims to identify the prevalence of Escherichia coli in childhood urinary tract infections. Methods: This was a hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in Nobel Medical College, Biratnagar over a period of one year. A total of 163 cases aged 1-15 years were included and clinical profile, laboratory reports including bacterial isolates in urine cultures and their sensitivity patterns were documented. Results: The prevalence of Escherichia coli is 45 (53.57%) C.I. Escherichia coli was the most common organism isolated in bacterial cultures followed by Klebsiella 12 (14.29%), Enterococcus 10 (11.90%). Urinary tract infection was common among females with male: female ratio of 1:2.3. Fever 152 (93.2%) and abdominal pain 113 (69.3%) were the most common presenting symptoms. Escherichia coli was found most sensitive to Nitrofurantoin 43 (95.5%) followed by Ciprofloxacin 41 (91.1%) and Amikacin 40 (88.8%). Conclusions: Urinary tract infections in childhood require prompt attention and treatment to prevent significant morbidity and mortality. From this study it can be concluded that Escherichia coli is one of the most common isolates in urine culture and Aminoglycosides and Fluoroquinolones can be accepted as empirical treatment regimens for childhood Urinary tract infections.