Chronic consumption of an inositol-enriched carob extract improves postprandial glycaemia and insulin sensitivity in healthy subjects: A randomized controlled trial

Background & aims: Inositols are thought to be mediators of the insulin signalling pathway. We assessed the effects of inositols on glycaemic control in fasting and postprandial states and evaluated lipoprotein profile and LDL particle size in healthy population. Methods: A 12-week double-blind clinical trial was performed with forty healthy subjects administered either an inositol-enriched beverage (IEB) -containing 2.23 g of inositols in 250 ml- or a sucrose-sweetened beverage (SB) twice a day. Anthropometric measurements, fasting glucose levels, insulin and HOMA-IR index, lipoprotein profile and postprandial glucose concentrations (measured using the continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS)) were recorded throughout the intervention period. Results: Following the 12-week trial subjects receiving the IEB exhibited a significant decrease in insulin, HOMA-IR and Apo B and an increase in LDL particle size, whereas the SB group showed increases in BMI and fasting glucose concentration. Analysis of postprandial glucose levels at breakfast, lunch and dinner revealed a mean reduction of glucose of approximate to 14% and a significant reduction in the area under the curve at 24 h after consumption of the IEB. Conclusions: Our results show that chronic IEB supplementation induces a significant improvement in carbohydrated metabolism parameters in healthy subjects. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.