Kidney transplantation after nephrectomy for synchronous bilateral renal cell cancer

INTRODUCTION: Treatment of bilateral and synchronous renal cell cancer may require bilateral nephrectomy and chronic dialysis. After an arbitrarily determined waiting period (2 years) on dialysis, kidney transplantation may be proposed. CASE REPORTS: Two patients underwent kidney transplantation after bilateral nephrectomy for early-stage low-grade renal cell cancer. Eight years after nephrectomy and 6 years after transplantation, there is no evidence of cancer recurrence and renal function is satisfactory DISCUSSION: Certain patients treated for cancer may be candidates for kidney transplantation, even if the risk for cancer is higher in transplant recipients. Moreover, kidney transplantation without a required period on chronic dialysis could be proposed in early-stage low-grade renal cell cancer.