Composites Reinforced in Three Dimensions by Using Low Magnetic Fields

被引:586
作者
Erb, Randall M. [1 ]
Libanori, Rafael [1 ]
Rothfuchs, Nuria [1 ]
Studart, Andre R. [1 ]
机构
[1] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Dept Mat, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
基金
瑞士国家科学基金会;
关键词
MECHANISMS; IMPACT; NACRE;
D O I
10.1126/science.1210822
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
The orientation and distribution of reinforcing particles in artificial composites are key to enable effective reinforcement of the material in mechanically loaded directions, but remain poor if compared to the distinctive architectures present in natural structural composites such as teeth, bone, and seashells. We show that micrometer-sized reinforcing particles coated with minimal concentrations of superparamagnetic nanoparticles (0.01 to 1 volume percent) can be controlled by using ultralow magnetic fields (1 to 10 milliteslas) to produce synthetic composites with tuned three-dimensional orientation and distribution of reinforcements. A variety of structures can be achieved with this simple method, leading to composites with tailored local reinforcement, wear resistance, and shape memory effects.
引用
收藏
页码:199 / 204
页数:7
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