A Simple CRLH LWA Circuit Condition for Constant Radiation Rate

A simple analytical condition for the radiation resistance and conductance (R,G) of an equivalent composite right/left-handed (CRLH) balanced leaky-wave antenna unit-cell is proposed to achieve a constant radiation rate. Similar to the CRLH "balanced condition," which allows a smooth phase transition from the left-handed to the right-handed frequency regions, the proposed R-G condition provides a continuous and smooth transition of the radiation losses from the left-handed to the right-handed frequency region. Moreover, this condition also solves the phase fluctuations that traditionally occur around the CRLH transition frequency due to real radiation losses. Several numerical results are included to confirm the uniform radiation rate obtained when the new derived condition is used.