Recent Advances in Synthesis of Pyrazole Derivatives using Functionalized Catalysts Immobilized on Silica

The pyrazole moiety is found as an integral structural unit in a variety of pharmacologically and agrochemically significant chemicals. The anti-inflammatory (celecoxib), anti-obesity (rimonabant), analgesic (difenamizole), antipsychotic (CDPPB), H2-receptor agonist (betazole), and antidepressant (fezolamide) activities of pyrazole-based drugs have demonstrated their pharmacological importance. Various synthetic methodologies have been devised as a result of the above-mentioned advantages of pyrazole-based compounds, including solvent-free approach, catalyst-free method, homogeneous catalysis, heterogeneous catalysis, microwave irradiation technique, ultrasonication, etc. In the area of heterogeneous catalysis, silica functionalized catalysts have garnered a lot of interest among diverse heterogeneous catalysts. The significant advancements in silica functionalized heterogeneous catalysts for the production of pyrazole-based compounds are highlighted in this review.