Influence of processing temperature and precursor composition on phase region of solution processed methylammonium lead iodide perovskite

Solution processed organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite and its derivatives are promising in the development of efficient thin film photovoltaic devices. In the context of increasing the efficiency and sustainability of perovskite solar cells (PSC) devices, we have attempted to experimentally develop phase diagram for solution processed methyl ammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI(3))) perovskite. The phase diagram emphasized the role of processing parameters (precursor composition and crystallization temperature) on the crystallographic functionality and optical band gap of perovskite. The phase dynamics of low dimensional perovskite, which has emerged as a potential candidate for absorber layer in perovskite solar cells (PSC) with higher stability in ambient conditions is also discussed. We observed that crystallization via non-equilibrium annealing introduced lattice strain in perovskite which affected the crystallographic properties of perovskite. A highly crystalline perovskite, with large grain size was obtained by optimizing the crystallization parameters and precursor composition together with nucleation of perovskite crystal and its growth dynamics.