Extrusion-based 3D direct ink writing of NiZn-ferrite structures with viscoelastic ceramic suspension

Advances in additive manufacturing (AM), represented as the instant evolution of design files into fully functional products, provide customer-centric smart manufacturing solutions that are increasingly replacing traditional manufacturing methods in various industries. However, the advantages of AM often diminish when applied to the production of ceramic components, owing to the demanding nature of ceramic materials. Extrusion-based direct ink writing (DIW) is considered one of the few AM technologies applicable to ceramic materials. Precise control of the ceramic suspension is required in extrusion-based 3D DIW to create 3D structures for various industrial products. This study describes a fundamental relationship between the rheological properties of the ceramic suspensions and their 3D DIW printability. The theological properties determine flowability, DIW height, and the overhang angle that can be achieved in extrusion-based 3D DIW. The printability of NiZn-ferrite suspensions with various rheological properties was investigated, and the potential of 3D DIW amenable to manufacturing ceramic electronic components was demonstrated.