Tax-induced portfolio reshuffling: The case of the mortgage interest deduction

Several provisions of the Tax Reform Act of 1986 had an indirect impact upon the demand for home mortgage debt. These include the elimination of the deductibility of interest on consumer credit, the increase in the standard deduction, and the reduction in the number of expenses that can be itemized. These provisions and the 1983-1989 panel sample of the Survey of Consumer Finances provide an opportunity to study the responsiveness of the demand for home mortgage debt to its tax status relative to the tax. treatment of equity-financed investments in housing and consumer credit. The results are strongly supportive of a highly elastic demand for mortgage debt with respect to its tax price. The best point estimate of this elasticity is -1, but substantial variation is found among certain groups. More generally, the results provide strong support for the phenomenon of portfolio reshuffling.