Primary sclerosing cholangitis is a chronic cholestatic disease with a progressive course, often culminating in hepatic transplantation. When associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis, ulcerative colitis commonly follows a mild course before, but a more progressive course following liver transplantation, with a significant proportion of patients becoming steroid dependent and/or requiring colectomy. We report the first case demonstrating the efficacy and safety of infliximab therapy for ulcerative colitis following hepatic transplantation. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 19:277-280 (C) 2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.