Dioscorea nipponica Makino suppresses TPA-induced migration and invasion through inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in human cervical cancer cells

Dioscorea nipponica Makino has been used for the treatment of chronic bronchitis, rheumatoid arthritis, cough, and asthma. Several studies have established the antitumor effect of D. nipponica Makino extract (DNE). However, no investigations have considered the antimetastatic potential of DNE in cervical cancer cells. The present study examined the effects of DNE on cervical cancer cells treated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and characterized the possible molecular mechanisms. MTT assay results indicated that DNE exhibited very low cytotoxicity, and DNE significantly reduced the invasion and migration abilities of cervical cancer cells. Gelatin zymography analysis revealed that DNE significantly inhibited matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay results revealed that DNE treatment inhibited the MMP-9 mRNA levels of HeLa and SiHa cells. Western blot results revealed that DNE significantly diminished the ERK1/2 phosphorylation. In conclusion, we revealed that the antimetastatic effects of DNE on cervical cancer cells are due to its inhibition of MMP-9 expression through the ERK1/2 pathway.