Nucleon and pion distribution functions in the valence region

被引:171
作者
Holt, Roy J. [1 ]
Roberts, Craig D. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA
[2] Peking Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China
关键词
DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING; DEUTERON STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS; DYNAMICAL PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; DYSON-SCHWINGER EQUATIONS; SINGLE-SPIN ASYMMETRIES; LIGHT-QUARK SEA; HIGH STATISTICS MEASUREMENT; 3-LOOP SPLITTING FUNCTIONS; HADRON STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS; STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RATIO;
D O I
10.1103/RevModPhys.82.2991
中图分类号
O4 [物理学];
学科分类号
0702 ;
摘要
An experimental and theoretical perspective is provided on the behavior of unpolarized distribution functions for the nucleon and pion on the valence-quark domain, namely, Bjorken x greater than or similar to 0.4. This domain is a key to much of hadron physics; e. g., a hadron is defined by its flavor content and that is a valence-quark property. Furthermore, its accurate parametrization is crucial to the provision of reliable input for large collider experiments. The focus is on experimental extractions of distribution functions via electron and muon inelastic scattering, and from Drell-Yan interactions; and on theoretical treatments that emphasize an explanation of the distribution functions, providing an overview of major contemporary approaches and issues. Valence-quark physics is a compelling subject, which probes at the heart of our understanding of the standard model. There are numerous outstanding and unresolved challenges, which experiment and theory must confront. In connection with experiment, an explanation that an upgraded Jefferson Laboratory facility is well suited to provide new data on the nucleon is provided, while a future electron-ion collider could provide essential new data for the mesons. There is also great potential in using Drell-Yan interactions, at FNAL, CERN, J-PARC, and GSI, to push into the large-x domain for both mesons and nucleons. Furthermore, it is argued that explanation, in contrast to modeling and parametrization, requires a widespread acceptance of the need to adapt theory: to the lessons learnt already from the methods of nonperturbative quantum-field theory and a fuller exploitation of those methods.
引用
收藏
页码:2991 / 3044
页数:54
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