Comparison of Two Entry Methods and Their Cosmetic Outcomes in Creating Pneumoperitoneum: A Prospective Observational Study

Background The main challenge in laparoscopic surgery is creating pneumoperitoneum using various surgical techniques. Every procedure has its own advocates. The aim of this study was to determine the cosmetic outcomes of the two of the major surgical techniques (open-Hasson technique versus closed-Veress technique) used in laparoscopic surgery. Methods This was a prospective, observational, comparative study conducted from October 2017 to September 2018 in 132 patients, who presented to our center and fulfilled our selection criteria. For all the patients, pneumoperitoneum was performed using either open (Hasson) or closed technique (Veress). A database was created for all the patients and the technique dependent cosmetic outcomes were assessed and reported. Results There were a total of 66 patients in each group (open and closed). The mean age of the open group was 51.56 +/- 11.42 years and closed group was 54.36 +/- 14.78 years, respectively. The major comorbidities found in both the groups were diabetes mellitus (6/66, group A; 7/66, group B) and hypertension (3/66, group A; 4/66, group B). In open group, umbilical (58/66, p =0.001) and in closed group infraumbilical (35/66, p =0.001) were the most commonly used incisions. Conclusion As benefits outweigh the risks, the better cosmetic outcomes were observed in patients underwent closed technique over open technique ( p <0.05).