The Role of Delayed Radiotherapy Initiation in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma with Residual Tumor Mass

Objective Treatment for newly diagnosed isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type glioblastoma (GBM) includes maximum safe resection, followed by adjuvant radio(chemo)therapy (RCx) with temozolomide. There is evidence that it is safe for GBM patients to prolong time to irradiation over 4 weeks after surgery. This study aimed at evaluating whether this applies to GBM patients with different levels of residual tumor volume (RV). Methods Medical records of all patients with newly diagnosed GBM at our department between 2014 and 2018 were reviewed. Patients who received adjuvant radio (chemo) therapy, aged older than 18 years, and with adequate perioperative imaging were included. Initial and residual tumor volumes were determined. Time to irradiation was dichotomized into two groups (<= 28 and >28 days). Univariate analysis with Kaplan-Meier estimate and log-rank test was performed. Survival prediction and multivariate analysis were performed employing Cox proportional hazard regression. Results One hundred and twelve patients were included. Adjuvant treatment regimen, extent of resection, residual tumor volume, and O (6) -methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation were statistically significant factors for overall survival (OS). Time to irradiation had no impact on progression-free survival ( p =0.946) or OS ( p =0.757). When stratified for different thresholds of residual tumor volume, survival predication via Cox regression favored time to irradiation below 28 days for patients with residual tumor volume above 2mL, but statistical significance was not reached. Conclusion Time to irradiation had no significant influence on OS of the entire cohort. Nevertheless, a statistically nonsignificant survival prolongation could be observed in patients with residual tumor volume>2mL when admitted to radiotherapy within 28 days after surgery.