Engineered T cells: the promise and challenges of cancer immunotherapy

被引:804
作者
Fesnak, Andrew D. [1 ]
June, Carl H.
Levine, Bruce L. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Penn, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
CHIMERIC ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA; ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; GLIOBLASTOMA STEM-CELLS; B-CELL; ANTITUMOR-ACTIVITY; ADOPTIVE TRANSFER; MULTIPLE-MYELOMA; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; GENE-TRANSFER;
D O I
10.1038/nrc.2016.97
中图分类号
R73 [肿瘤学];
学科分类号
100214 ;
摘要
The immune system evolved to distinguish non-self from self to protect the organism. As cancer is derived from our own cells, immune responses to dysregulated cell growth present a unique challenge. This is compounded by mechanisms of immune evasion and immunosuppression that develop in the tumour microenvironment. The modern genetic toolbox enables the adoptive transfer of engineered T cells to create enhanced anticancer immune functions where natural cancer-specific immune responses have failed. Genetically engineered T cells, so-called 'living drugs', represent a new paradigm in anticancer therapy. Recent clinical trials using T cells engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) or engineered T cell receptors (TCRs) have produced stunning results in patients with relapsed or refractory haematological malignancies. In this Review we describe some of the most recent and promising advances in engineered T cell therapy with a particular emphasis on what the next generation of T cell therapy is likely to entail.
引用
收藏
页码:566 / 581
页数:16
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