Anxious individuals have difficulty learning the causal statistics of aversive environments

被引:251
作者
Browning, Michael [1 ]
Behrens, Timothy E. [1 ]
Jocham, Gerhard [1 ,2 ]
O'Reilly, Jill X. [1 ]
Bishop, Sonia J. [1 ,3 ,4 ]
机构
[1] John Radcliffe Hosp, Funct MRI Brain Ctr, Nuffield Dept Clin Neurosci, Oxford OX3 9DU, England
[2] Univ Magdeburg, Ctr Behav Brain Sci, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany
[3] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Psychol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[4] Univ Calif Berkeley, Helen Wills Neurosci Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院; 欧洲研究理事会;
关键词
ADAPTIVE GAIN; UNCERTAINTY; ANXIETY; INTOLERANCE; SURPRISE;
D O I
10.1038/nn.3961
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Statistical regularities in the causal structure of the environment enable us to predict the probable outcomes of our actions. Environments differ in the extent to which action-outcome contingencies are stable or volatile. Difficulty in being able to use this information to optimally update outcome predictions might contribute to the decision-making difficulties seen in anxiety. We tested this using an aversive learning task manipulating environmental volatility. Human participants low in trait anxiety matched updating of their outcome predictions to the volatility of the current environment, as predicted by a Bayesian model. Individuals with high trait anxiety showed less ability to adjust updating of outcome expectancies between stable and volatile environments. This was linked to reduced sensitivity of the pupil dilatory response to volatility, potentially indicative of altered norepinephrinergic responsivity to changes in this aspect of environmental information.
引用
收藏
页码:590 / +
页数:9
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